IP addresses are stored as 32-bit binary numbers, but they are displayed as four decimal numbers divided with a dot (dot-decimal notation), example 68.12.5.10. What is an IP address?Īn IP (Internet Protocol) address is a logical address of a device in a computer network using IP protocol (works on Layer 3 of ISO/OSI model). Virtual LAN (VLANs) are used to have more subnets on one switch. Dividing a network into smaller parts is also good for performance, because broadcasts (packets sent to everyone) don't cross a subnet border. Communication between subnets is done by routers.
Network devices in an IP subnet have a common IP address prefix. Another reason is because we need to assigne some addresses to some organizations. So we divide a networks into smaller parts (hierarchically) and these parts are called subnetworks. What is a subnet (subnetwork)?īecause real networks are really large, we can't communicate directly with all computers. Some frequently used technologies are Ethernet, with protocol TCP/IP, for Local Area Network (LAN - cover a small geographical area and provide high bandwidth with low delays) and Frame Relay for Wide Area Network (WAN - interconnecting of LANs). We can classify networks by many parameters. The reason for using a computer network is to share sources. A computer network is a connection of two or more computers some form of telecommunication system.
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